How long is a Latvia student residence permit valid and how do I renew it?

The student permit is tied to your studies, so it is generally granted for the academic year or the duration of your program and then renewed as you progress. Processing a renewal can take several weeks, so you should start early.

A practical rule is to contact your university coordinator well ahead of expiry (around three months) so they can issue the documents you need for a repeat application. Latvia lets you apply during the validity of your current permit, and there is also a limited window to apply after expiry, but renewing on time avoids any gap in your legal stay.