What happens if my in-Canada refugee claim is refused?

If the Refugee Protection Division refuses your claim, you are not necessarily out of options. The Refugee Appeal Division (RAD) of the IRB hears appeals of RPD decisions, and most claimants are entitled to appeal there.

However, there are exceptions. For example, if you made your claim at a land border with the United States and it was referred to the RPD as an exception to the Safe Third Country Agreement, you generally cannot appeal to the RAD. Other recourse, such as judicial review or a Pre-Removal Risk Assessment, may apply depending on your situation.