Can self-employed permit holders in Luxembourg eventually get long-term residence?

The self-employed permit itself is a renewable temporary status, but it can lead toward permanence. After five years of continuous, lawful stay in Luxembourg you can apply for long-term resident status, subject to meeting the relevant conditions such as stable resources and integration requirements.

Long-term resident status gives stronger residence security than repeatedly renewing a three-year permit. Until you qualify, the priority is keeping your stay uninterrupted and your business compliant on tax and social security, since gaps or non-compliance can undermine both renewals and a future long-term residence application.